The Palace Museum is renowned across China and around the world for the largest collection of enamels with metal substrates—usually consisting of bronze with some bases consisting of gold, silver, or a composite. Over 6,000 metal-substrate enamels in the collection date from the Yuan dynasty to the Republican period. Of these works, over 4,000 enamels include filigree embellishments, and over 2,000 are enamel-painted pieces. The majority of these items were produced by either the imperial workshops in the capital (the Directorate for Imperial Accoutrements workshop—Yuyong jian—in the Ming dynasty and the Imperial Household Department workshops—Zaoban chu—in the Qing) or in Guangdong Province.